DNS & IP Address - IPv6

When we say "giant," we're not kidding.

Silly-sounding huge number alert:

The Internet's address book grew from "just" 4.3 billion unique addresses to 340 undecillion (that's 340 trillion trillion trillion)

 

That's more than enough for every grain of sand on Earth to have its own IP address.

 

Most users never see or care about internet addresses.

A system called - DNS (Domain Name System)

 

Associates names like www.example.com  with the corresponding addresses.

174.123.14.456

Your computer uses the DNS to look up domain names(www.example.com) and get the associated IP address

 

which is used to connect your computer to the destination on the internet 

 

CODE.ORG 174.129.14.120

EXAMPLE.COM 153.104.63.227

WIKPEDIA.ORG 192.20.177.64

PURPLE.COM 41.82.108.160

 

 

if you wanna go to code org 

 

my computer ===========> DNS (I don't know the IP address for that domain so let me ask around )

 

(A) DNS -> Do you guys know what is the IP address for code.org?????!!!!! 

 

DNS no

DNS no 

(D) DNS yesssss I got it ----->  174.129.14.120

DNS

DNS

DNS

 

 

(A) DNS : oh ok! great!  I am gonna write that down and save it for later in case I need it!

 

(A) DNS: HEY here's that address you wanted. 

 

my computer: Awesome, thanks!

 

browser: code.org 

 

 

so how do we design a system for billions of devices to find any one of billions of different websites? 

There's no way ONE DNS server can handle all the requests from all devices. 

 

THE ANSWER IS 

 

DNS servers are connected in a distributed hierarchy,

and are divded into zones, splitting up responsibility for the major domains such as org, com, net, etc

 

DNS was created to be an OPEN PUBLIC communication PROTOCOL 

for government and educational institutions.

Because of its openness, DNS is susceptible to cyber attacks.

 

An example attack is DNS SPOOFING.

That's when a hacker taps into a DNS server

and changes it to match a domain name with the wrong IP address.

 

This lets the attacker send people to an imposter website.

If this happens to you, you are vulnerable for more problems

 

WHY??!!!

BECAUSE you are using a FAKE WEBSITE as if it is REAL

 

The internet is huge and getting bigger everyday.

BUT the domain name system and internet protocol(IP) are designed to scale, 

NO MATTER how much INTERNET GROWS.