When we say "giant," we're not kidding.
Silly-sounding huge number alert:
The Internet's address book grew from "just" 4.3 billion unique addresses to 340 undecillion (that's 340 trillion trillion trillion)
That's more than enough for every grain of sand on Earth to have its own IP address.
Most users never see or care about internet addresses.
A system called - DNS (Domain Name System)
Associates names like www.example.com with the corresponding addresses.
174.123.14.456
Your computer uses the DNS to look up domain names(www.example.com) and get the associated IP address
which is used to connect your computer to the destination on the internet
CODE.ORG 174.129.14.120
EXAMPLE.COM 153.104.63.227
WIKPEDIA.ORG 192.20.177.64
PURPLE.COM 41.82.108.160
if you wanna go to code org
my computer ===========> DNS (I don't know the IP address for that domain so let me ask around )
(A) DNS -> Do you guys know what is the IP address for code.org?????!!!!!
DNS no
DNS no
(D) DNS yesssss I got it -----> 174.129.14.120
DNS
DNS
DNS
(A) DNS : oh ok! great! I am gonna write that down and save it for later in case I need it!
(A) DNS: HEY here's that address you wanted.
my computer: Awesome, thanks!
browser: code.org
so how do we design a system for billions of devices to find any one of billions of different websites?
There's no way ONE DNS server can handle all the requests from all devices.
THE ANSWER IS
DNS servers are connected in a distributed hierarchy,
and are divded into zones, splitting up responsibility for the major domains such as org, com, net, etc
DNS was created to be an OPEN PUBLIC communication PROTOCOL
for government and educational institutions.
Because of its openness, DNS is susceptible to cyber attacks.
An example attack is DNS SPOOFING.
That's when a hacker taps into a DNS server
and changes it to match a domain name with the wrong IP address.
This lets the attacker send people to an imposter website.
If this happens to you, you are vulnerable for more problems
WHY??!!!
BECAUSE you are using a FAKE WEBSITE as if it is REAL
The internet is huge and getting bigger everyday.
BUT the domain name system and internet protocol(IP) are designed to scale,
NO MATTER how much INTERNET GROWS.
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